If you are in immediate danger, call 911. This guide explains the civil process for obtaining a protection order once you are safe.

In Colorado, what's commonly called a "restraining order" is legally known as a civil protection order. Here's how the process works, from filing to a final hearing.

Temporary vs. Permanent Protection Orders

Colorado protection orders come in two stages. A temporary protection order (TPO) can be granted the same day you file, often without the other party present, and lasts until a follow-up hearing, typically within 14 days. At that hearing, a judge decides whether to issue a permanent protection order (PPO), which can remain in effect indefinitely.

Step 1: File a Petition

You can file for a protection order at the district or county court in the county where you or the other party lives, or where the incident occurred. Forms are available directly from the court and do not require an attorney to file, though legal guidance can help ensure the petition clearly documents the basis for protection.

Step 2: The Temporary Hearing

After filing, a judge reviews your petition, often the same day. If the judge finds sufficient grounds, such as an immediate and present danger, a temporary order is issued and the other party is formally served with notice of the order and the upcoming permanent hearing.

Step 3: Service on the Restrained Party

The other party must be formally served with the temporary order and hearing notice, typically through the sheriff's office or a process server. The order isn't enforceable against them until they've been served.

Step 4: The Permanent Hearing

Within 14 days, both parties appear before a judge. This is your opportunity to present evidence supporting the need for ongoing protection, and the other party has the right to respond. The judge then decides whether to grant a permanent order, which can include provisions restricting contact, requiring the other party to stay a certain distance away, or addressing shared living arrangements or parenting time if applicable.

What a Protection Order Can Cover

Depending on the circumstances, an order can prohibit direct or indirect contact, require the restrained party to vacate a shared residence, address temporary custody or parenting time arrangements, and restrict firearm possession.

If the Order Is Violated

Violating a protection order is a criminal offense in Colorado, separate from the civil order itself. If you believe an order has been violated, document the violation and contact law enforcement immediately.

Getting Help with the Process

While you can file without an attorney, the process moves quickly and the permanent hearing is your primary chance to present your case. Contact Tolison & Williams to help you prepare your petition, gather supporting evidence, and represent you at the hearing, giving your protection order the best chance of being granted and properly enforced.